Internal-combustion engine



E. P. DU PONT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25. I919.

3 SHEETSSHEET I.

- I I N I IIIIIIII I H l I) I I I M Vfwffl g I I v f/euficfe fiu ldh/ h E. P. DU PONT.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25, I919.

1,4@@, 1 79, Patented Feb. 28, 1922.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

E. P. DU FONT.

INTERNAL comsusnow ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 25, I919- 1,40s,179, Patented Feb. 28, 1922.

3 $HEETSSHEET 3.

I lu (11/11/111 ELEUTHEBE PATTI; no FONT, OF MONTCHANIN, DELAWARE.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

PATENT OFFICE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 25, 1919. Serial No. 279,083.

special form and construction'which first of I alhforms a complete enclosure for the engine and its auxiliary pumps and in addition, by the removal of a single unitary cover, admits of convenient access to all the mechanism and provides for the ready removal of the crank shaft when desired and for the lubrication of the moving parts.

My invention comprises a single main casting horizontally disposed, of generally circular cross-section, with the front cut away through the full length of the casting on a vertical plane cutting olfa segment from the circular section. Upon the top of the main casting, which is flattened to receive them, are mounted separately the cylinder casings and a hood for the pump mechanism. The open front of the main casting is closed by a single plate of appropriate form. A flanged head at one end of the main casting encloses the fly wheel, while at the opposite end a flanged projection carries the thrust bearing for the shaft of the engine. The intermediate bearings for this shaft are provided for by webs in the main casing, and are arranged at an angle of about 45 to provide for the ready removal of the shaft when the front cover plate has been taken oil".

The main parts of the apparatus are thus seen to be few in number and of such shape as to be readily machined and fitted to each other to form a completehousing for the engine. Furthermore, the pumpsfor the oiling system, water cooling and bilge drainjng are conveniently located in the casing and arrangedso as to be operable from the main shaft.

Having now stated in a general way the character of my invention, as well as its principal object and advantages, I will proceed with a detailed description of an embodiment thereof, in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which-#- F 1g. 1 is a general view of the main castings, shown in perspective and separated from each other.

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section taken through one of the cylinders showing in general the main parts only.

Fig. 3 is a similar cross-section taken through the hood containing the pump drives, etc. I

The main casting a, forming the crank and gear casing, is of generally cylindrical form with the front sliced away longitudinally as shown in Fig. 1. The top of this casing is flattened as at b, to which the cylinder castings c, c and the hood d are bolted.

Transverse webs in casing a carry bearings e for the crank shaft 20 between and on either side of the cylinders. These bearings are arranged at an angle as stated and provided with removable caps for conveniently inserting andextracting the crank shaft.

The crank shaft is formed between bearings e with the usual integral cranks for actuation from the cylinders and extends only a short distance at both ends beyond the end bearings. At its forward end the shaft carries a fly wheel, not shown, located in the circular open end of the main casing and ar- Patented Feb. 28, 1922.

ranged to be entirely enclosed by the circular end cover 7.

At the opposite end the casing forms a compartment 9 between its end wall and the after bearing 0 in which is located the reverse gearing, etc. At this end the crank shaft is provided with a flanged coupling (not shown) right next to the bearing, and

by this coupling connects with an extension which operates the reverse gears and passes on out the rear of' the compartment where it is sup orted in bearings in a bonnet h arranged to be bolted to the end of easing a.

The entire open front of thev casing is flanged and arranged to be closed by a single front late 2'. The cylinder castings c, a have i open ront compartments for containing the valve operating cams j, and also carry the bearings k for the cam shaft. These compartments areflanged alinemen't with the fiange on the front of casing a so that they are. also closed by front plated which is provided with projections 'Z for covering these compartments. e The crank compartments in casing a, be-

tween bearing. 5 are each provided at the back with an air inlet mas shown inFigure 2. As 'shownin this figure, the valveoperating mechanism. is1 indicated at n, and it is and carries them. up about thevalve operat completely enclosed at the top by a light casing 0. From this casing a pipe p leads to the suction of the vaporizer g and thence to the inlet passage 7' in the cylinder head..

The operation is as follows :The cranks s dip into a bath of oil in the bottom of the casing, andin their rapid rotation churn the oil into a mist or spraywhich permeates the whole interior of the casing and cylinders. Airenters the inlets m and passing through the casing becomes laden with particles of oil due to" the splash action of the cranks,

ing mechanism, asiindicated by the arrows in Figure-2, and thence passes. through pipe p to the c'arbu'reter. By this time it has lost practically 'all 'of' its oil particles, which ave beendeposited on the moving parts in lubrication.

' its path, thereby insuring their; thorough .Thus a continuous, yet rather slow, circulation 0f..-1air is provided from the inlets,

through the crank compartments, where it g'e tsheate'd, to the mixing chamber of the carbureter, on its-way lubricating the cams.

and valve'mechanism.

.The end compartment 9 carries gearing t for operating the cam shaft u,-see Figure 3.. 'On the shaft of one of these gears is con 'veniently mounted an eccentricm for actuatingth'e rocker w for operating the pumps m, -y and z, a: representing the air, pump" for supplying air under pressure to -a suit able reservoir'to which a whistle pipe may be connected, ythepump for supplying wa ter to the cooling-jackets, and z a pump for removing the bilge water.

As will be seen in th plate z, where it covers this portion of the casing, is. dished out. and carries pumps y and 2 on its face, operable by a single plunger 5 which is actuated by the slotted end of arm 6 of rocker The air limp a: is perated by a link 7 connected with another arm of rocker 'w;

Rocker w also operates the oil pump 8 in the following manner: At this point the easinianf oil pocket or well 10. Into this-pocket ing is cut out at the bottom, as shown at 9, l and the dished portion ofthe front plate is extended down to meetit and form thereextends oilpump 8 which ismountedto slide on a fixed plunger 11' comprising a pipe car-f rying at ts. lower end inlet valve 12ancl at. its upper end, connectmgiyiththe sight feeddrawmg, the front.

arrangement 13, from whicha tpbe 1'4 pro -j vides lubrication for the gearing tand other mechanism-in'hood d and another tube 15 I leads'to thejforavard end oft'he engine, where ;oil overfiowsvarious divisions in the crank case, finally returning to the bath in the inlet valve 16 at its lower end we oper- :ated to r'aiseand lower upon pipe' 11 by means of .a pin 17, on rocker w, bein held thereomgby a spring 18 abutting against a' collar on the pipe. The action of the pump is as fin laws :[As the rocker is turned to bottom of .the casing. .Pump 8 carries an;

lower piifi" lffl spring 18 forces pump 8' down v into.,the oil in well 10, and 'oil enters inlet inits lower end is-forced through valve 12 into :pipe ll.- 'As' this is acontinuous'p'rocess, a certain quantity of oil is kept circulating through pipes 14, 15, as can be ascer-v tained by the sight feed 1 3.

The advantages of th s arrangement are that a great deal is accomplished by a very few. parts, A single eccentric operates the.

valve 16. Upon the upstroke of the rocker, pml'fi raises the pump and the oil contained four pumps, the lubrication of every moving part is provided from a single oil delivery pipe, and complete accessibility is aiforded to each'pump without disturbing any other working art.

Enclosing the fly wheel with the rest of this engine is a great advantage besides merelyprotecting a moving part. Otherwisefan irregular piece would have to be fitted in above the cap of end bearing e to prevent oil from splashing out. This is al ways diflicult to keep tight and at the same; time allow for adjustment of the bearing cap. By inclosing the fly wheel this trouble is obviated; a It is also common-practice cam shaft bearings'in the crank case proper to: place the where thelatter is open at the side. Thisprevents ready access to the inside parts, which is obviated'by my arrangement.

- By virtue of the flange coupling -in the crank shaft it will be seen how. readily the shaft may. be disconnected and removed, by

ffirstremoving the front plate I and then taking off the caps of the bearings e. A

thatall the accessories and points needing attention or adjustment are located on one side,s0 that in marine practice a partition can be placed against .the'other side without in any manner interfering with the convenience of: attending to the running of the englue and the various adjustments.

' Casing a maybe provided with feet 19;

integraltherewlth, as indicated inFigure 2,

for supporting the able foundations. a

I do inot herein claim certain novel features,1r'elating more especially to the lubri eating1system, herein set forth, zis the Same 180 entire engine upon suit 115 further advantage of thearra'ngement is forms the subject-matter of a divisional aplication filed September 11,1919, Serial 0. 323,181. Having now fully described my invention, What I claim and desire to protect by Letters Patent is 1. In an internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a casing for the .crank shaft and gearing, opening along its front and at one end, of a removable front plate closing the front opening, and a removable end cover engaging both the casing and the front plate;

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a casing for the crank shaft and gearing, opening along its front and atone end, the front opening extending to said open end, a removable front plate, closingthe front opening,-and a removable end cover plate, the front ends of the casing and cover having together a rim to which 1 the end cover isadapted to be secured.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a casing for the crank shaft and gearing opening along its'front, of

a removable front plate closing said front opening, one end of the casing and the corresponding end of the front plate having unitedly a circular contour, and a removable end cover of dished cir cular contour adapted to fit the flanged end of the casing and front plate and adapted to form a fly wheel enclosure. I

4. In an' internal combustion-engine, the

$5 combination with a casing for the Crank 7 shaft and gearing having a continuous opening along its front to afford access, to its interior and havin also an end opening, a

single removable rontcover plate closing 40 said front-opening, and a removable end cover plate covering said end opening.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the

- combination with a casing for the crank shaft and gearing, opening along'its front and provided With openings in its top, of cylinder castings open infront and mounted on the casing over said openings, and a removable front plate shaped to close said casing and provided with integral upstanding Wings adapted to close the cylinder castings.

, 6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a main casing for the Q crank-shaft and gearing opening along its front and provided with a deep opening in its top, an auxiliary casing mounted on the,

' main casing and having a bottom opening registering with the opening in the top of,

the casing and a'front opening, and a front plate adapted to close the front of the maln casing and shaped opposite the auxiliary casing to form an enclosure opening toward the auxiliary casing and forming with it a chamber adapted to enclose certain of the working parts.

e5 7. In an internal combustion engine, the

' 8. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination with the cylinders and moving parts thereof including the crank shaft, of an open faced housing for enclosing the IIlOVlIlg parts, a cover for the opening in said housing, two pumps mounted on said cover,

a common plunger for said pumps, an eccentric on the shaft, a rocker actuated'by said eccentric, and driving connection between the plunger and the rocker.

combination with the cylinders, the carbureter and moving parts, including the valve actuating mechanism and crank shaft, of a housing, means in the housing providing an oil bath, an air inlet in the housing, and means to lead the incoming air circuitously through the housing, aboutthe moving parts therein to pick up oil thrown by the crank shaft and deposit it on the'valve actuating mechanism in its passage from the'oil,b'ath to the carburetor of the engine.

9. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a crank case adapted to support the cylinders and provided'with a continuous opening throughout one side, of bearings in the case to support the crank shaft, transverse webs extending about theinterior wall of the case and acting to support the bearings, a crank shaft adapted to be removed bodily through said opening in the case and a closure for said opening.

10. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a case for the crank shaft and gearing opening along its front and pro vided at its top with openings for the engine cylinder and a deep indentation, cylinder castings and a gearing enclosing a hood also opening along 1ts front forming a continuation of the open front in the casing mounted 1 upon the case and communicating with the case through said openings and deep indentation respectively, shaft bearings in the case, Webs supporting said bearings f and functioning also as braces, and a removable cover plate for the open front.

l1.v An engine-frame comprising a combined crank casing having seating surfacesat an angle to each other, a cylinder casting having similar seating surfaces, one of the seating surfaces of the cylinder casting being arranged to be seated on one of the seating surfaces on the crank casing, while the other seating surface on the-cylinder casting forms a COIltlIllltttiOIl of the other seating surface of the crank casing, and a cover plate connected to the. last mentioned seating surfaces.

v 12. An engine frame. comprising a combined crank casing having seating surfaces at an angle to each other, a, cylinder casting having similar seating surfaces, one of the seating surfaces of the cylinder casting being arranged to be seated on one of the seat- .ing surfaces on the crank casing, while the forms .a continuation of the other seating surface of the crank casing, a cover plate connected to the last mentioned seating surfaces, an annular flange formed on one end of the crank casing and the cover plate, and

a fly-wheel casing securedto said flange.

13. An engine having a crank casing, rein-t forcing webs in said casing, a crank shaft j ournaled in bearings on said Webs, said casting having a horizontal and a vertical seating surface, a cylinder casting secured to the horizontal seating surface, cam shaft bearings in the cylinder casting at one side thereof, a cam shaft, valve actuating cams there- Intestimony of which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at Wilmington, on this 5th dayof February, 1919. v

ELEUTHERE PAUL DU PONT. 

